<div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:large">Dear Prof. Marks,</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:large">I got the detailed information from my experimental colleague later got to know that the stoichiometry of my system is WO_(3-x) not WO_3. Having some Oxygen deficiency on the surface layer stabilized the surface. There are similar reports available in the literature as well which supports my calculations. </div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:large">Thanks for all of your responses. </div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:large">My reply is just to update the thread so that later it can be useful for someone who deals similar problem.</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:large"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:large">Regards</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:large">Bhamu</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:large"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:large"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:large"><br></div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Fri, Jun 25, 2021 at 11:40 PM Laurence Marks <<a href="mailto:laurence.marks@gmail.com">laurence.marks@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0)"><div class="gmail_default">Agreed, although to make the bulk truncation valence neutral involves W 5+ which is unusual. As you say, the O "sticking out" is unreal, as it would be 1-. If it moves closer to the W below that becomes 7+ which is silly.</div><div class="gmail_default"><br></div><div class="gmail_default">The first thing to do is work out what the actual experimental conditions are -- air, UHV, some catalytic gas mix, unknown. Then you can start to construct relevant models.It is easy to construct bad models! </div><div class="gmail_default"> </div><div class="gmail_default">N.B., remember that STO/LAO is constrained, and forced to be different if there are no O vacancies.</div></div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Fri, Jun 25, 2021 at 9:20 AM Peter Blaha <<a href="mailto:pblaha@theochem.tuwien.ac.at" target="_blank">pblaha@theochem.tuwien.ac.at</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">A W atom could have other formal valencies than 6+ and an electronic <br>
reconstruction is not impossible (remember the famous LAO/STO interface)<br>
<br>
Of course the surface depends a lot on the preparation conditions and on <br>
the vacuum / O partial pressure, H2O traces (or even "water") ...<br>
There could be several possible surface reconstructions. Thus you can <br>
try various supercells with W vacancies to reduce the formal 2+ charge) <br>
or some O on top (but I don't like this "sticking out").<br>
Finally do the thermodynamics and calculate a surface phase diagram as <br>
function of O partial pressure.<br>
<br>
In any case, I hope you have followed what Ludmilla said and use the <br>
theoretical lattice parameter (just in case- it could be much larger <br>
with PBE than experiment).<br>
<br>
And clear is: if the surface layer lifts off, it is a clear indication <br>
that your model is very "unrealistic".<br>
<br>
Am 25.06.2021 um 14:43 schrieb Laurence Marks:<br>
> Sorry Peter, that is also wrong.<br>
> <br>
> The valence of a WO2 layer is 2+ ; of the O layer 2-. A valence neutral <br>
> surface comes from<br>
> a) Adding OH above every W -- 1-<br>
> b) Add 1/2 the O above, and letting the structure relax in a 2x1 cell <br>
> (or larger) -- the last layer has a valence of 1- per 1x1<br>
> c) Adjusting a top WO2 layer so it has a valence of 1+ per 1x1 (tricky)<br>
> <br>
> Note: a) is for wet samples (in air); b) more common for dry but only if <br>
> the top O can adequately bond; c) less common but not impossible. There <br>
> is some literature, but I expect many of the existing calculations are <br>
> dodgy.<br>
> <br>
> _____<br>
> Professor Laurence Marks<br>
> "Research is to see what everybody else has seen, and to think what <br>
> nobody else has thought", Albert Szent-Györgyi<br>
> <a href="http://www.numis.northwestern.edu" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">http://www.numis.northwestern.edu</a> <<a href="http://www.numis.northwestern.edu" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">http://www.numis.northwestern.edu</a>><br>
> <br>
> On Fri, Jun 25, 2021, 07:16 Peter Blaha <<a href="mailto:pblaha@theochem.tuwien.ac.at" target="_blank">pblaha@theochem.tuwien.ac.at</a> <br>
> <mailto:<a href="mailto:pblaha@theochem.tuwien.ac.at" target="_blank">pblaha@theochem.tuwien.ac.at</a>>> wrote:<br>
> <br>
> Remove the O atoms, which are sticking out of the lower surface.<br>
> This makes the system inversion symmetric and more realistic.<br>
> Since you are now not stoichiometric anymore, eventually test with more<br>
> than 5 layers .<br>
> <br>
> </blockquote></div>-- <br><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr">Professor Laurence Marks<br>Department of Materials Science and Engineering<br>Northwestern University<br><a href="http://www.numis.northwestern.edu/" target="_blank">www.numis.northwestern.edu</a><div>"Research is to see what everybody else has seen, and to think what nobody else has thought" Albert <span style="font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12.8px">Szent-</span><span style="font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(34,34,34)">Györgyi</span></div></div></div></div>
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